- ing Spelling rules

It is regular to see verbs that end in -ing when we are reading in English. But, do we know how to build them?

When adding the -ing ending to the stem of a verb, we have to consider some rules that we will see in this post.

Enjoy!

Verbs ending with a silent -e.

- For the verbs that end with a silent - e, we remove the -e and add -ing. For example:

                    drive → driving

           

                    use → using

                    bake → baking

                    smile → smiling

     

EXCEPTIONS.

Verbs ending in -ee, -ye, and -oe do not drop the final -e when adding -ing. For example:

                    free → freeing

                    dye → dying

Verbs ending with a consonant + a vowel + a consonant.

- For the verbs that have a short vowel and only one consonant at the end, we usually double the consonant and add -ing. For example:

                    swim → swimming

  

                    cut → cutting

                    stop → stopping

EXCEPTIONS.

We do not double the final consonant when the verb ends in -W, -X, or -Y.

                    fix → fixing

Verbs ending with -ie.

- For the verbs that end with -ie, we change it for -ying. For example:

                    lie → lying
   
                    die → dying

                    tie → tying

Verbs ending with a vowel + -l.

- For the verbs that end in consonant + vowel + -l, we normally doublé the final -l and add -ing. For example:

                    travel → travelling

                    cancel → cancelling

                    label → labelling

Verbs ending with a stressed vowel + -r.

- For the verbs that end in a stressed vowel + -r, we double the final -r and add - ing. But for the verbs that end in an unstressed vowel + -r, we do NOT double the final -r and add - ing directly. For example:

       

                    suffer → suffering

                    answer → answering

                    refer → referring